fix: Update validations for filter service (#8239)

- Refactor filter service for better readability and maintenance
- Add validations for the following:
   - If an invalid attribute is passed, a custom exception InvalidAttribute will be thrown.
   - If an invalid operator is passed, a custom exception InvalidOperator will be thrown.
   - If an invalid value (currently checking only null check), a custom exception InvalidValue will be thrown.

Fixes: https://linear.app/chatwoot/issue/CW-2702/activerecordstatementinvalid-pginvalidtextrepresentation-error-invalid
Fixes: https://linear.app/chatwoot/issue/CW-2703/activerecordstatementinvalid-pginvaliddatetimeformat-error-invalid
Fixes:  https://linear.app/chatwoot/issue/CW-2700/activerecordstatementinvalid-pgsyntaxerror-error-syntax-error-at-or


Co-authored-by: Sojan <sojan@pepalo.com>

config/locales/en.yml

@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ en:
         name: should not start or end with symbols, and it should not have < > / \ @ characters.
     custom_filters:
       number_of_records: Limit reached. The maximum number of allowed custom filters for a user per account is 50.
-
+      invalid_attribute: Invalid attribute key - [%{key}]. The key should be one of [%{allowed_keys}] or a custom attribute defined in the account.
+      invalid_operator: Invalid operator. The allowed operators for %{attribute_name} are [%{allowed_keys}].
+      invalid_value: Invalid value. The values provided for %{attribute_name} are invalid
   reports:
     period: Reporting period %{since} to %{until}
     utc_warning: The report generated is in UTC timezone